Veterinary Oncology
surgical oncology
Traditionally, veterinary surgery has been categorized into soft tissue surgery and orthopedic surgery, including neurosurgery. However, each surgical discipline encompasses a broader scope and operates on its distinct principles.

Soft tissue surgery
Soft tissue surgery encompasses numerous procedures intricately connected to internal medicine and comprehensive diagnostic evaluation. Abdominal and thoracic surgery stand out as typical domains where soft tissue surgery excels.
This is how we address foreign bodies and tumors located in the digestive tract, liver, and biliary system, as well as specific conditions of the urogenital system (such as inflammations and tumors of the ovaries and uterus, urinary stones), and various types of hernias (including inguinal hernias, perineal hernias, and umbilical hernias), which may result from injuries or occur spontaneously. Within the chest cavity, a soft tissue surgeon may perform procedures to correct congenital defects in major blood vessels, remove tumors from the chest wall and lungs, or address tumors in the mediastinum.
Another crucial area for a soft tissue surgeon includes surgery involving the upper respiratory tract, throat, nose, and ears.
Surgical oncology
Surgical oncology differs from standard surgery in its focus on deepening knowledge in the field of oncology.
A surgical oncologist must understand the biological behavior of individual types of tumors and collaborate closely with medical oncologists and radiation oncologists, as oncologic surgery is increasingly becoming part of multimodal cancer treatment.
In modern times, surgical oncology relies heavily on precise surgical planning aided by advanced imaging techniques like CT and a deep understanding of anatomy. A surgical oncologist must intricately grasp tissue barriers—those tissues that exhibit superior resistance to tumor invasion.
These tissue barriers act as boundaries that the surgical oncologist must eliminate along with the tumor to guarantee complete excision, including all cells, thereby preventing tumor recurrence. Achieving the best possible outcome of the procedure also necessitates the surgical oncologist's expertise in plastic and reconstructive surgery.


Plastic and reconstructive surgery
Plastic and reconstructive surgery addresses problems typically arising from two major categories of causes – on one hand, various types of wounds, and on the other, extensive tissue defects or body parts resulting from tumor removal.
Closing these defects requires specialized approaches to achieve wound closure without tension. Reconstructive techniques mainly entail using skin flaps, where a section of skin, along with its underlying subcutaneous tissues, is moved from areas with looser skin to areas needing new tissue. Donor sites for flaps are usually closed so that after the surgery, the patient is left in good condition both functionally and cosmetically.
In reconstructive surgery, each part of the body follows its own rules, making it crucial to evaluate and determine the optimal solution for each case before proceeding with any surgery. Hence, reconstructive and plastic surgery can be likened to a distinct art form, where every procedure reflects the surgeon's individual touch, encompassing their ideas, ingenuity, and creativity.